The 'Toxic Cocktail' Brewing in Pennsylvania’s Waterways

Pennsylvania's waterways are facing a growing threat from a combination of fracking waste and historical pollution. Environmental scientists and local advocates are raising alarms about the potential contamination of streams and rivers, which serve as sources of drinking water and recreational areas for residents.

In Belle Vernon, a tributary to the Monongahela River flows near the Westmoreland Sanitary Landfill. Environmental scientist Yvonne Sorovacu and watershed advocate Hannah Hohman have observed signs of contamination, including foam and discoloration in the water downstream from the landfill's discharge point. The landfill has accepted significant amounts of oil and gas waste, which often contain toxic and radioactive substances such as radium, uranium, and arsenic.

The issue extends beyond Belle Vernon. At least 22 other landfills across Pennsylvania accept oil and gas waste, often with minimal oversight. Between 2017 and 2024, oil and gas companies reported generating nearly 8.8 million tons of solid waste in the state. Approximately 6.3 million tons were sent to Pennsylvania landfills, but the actual amount is likely higher due to reporting discrepancies. This waste poses risks to public waterways, with elevated levels of radium detected in sediments downstream from several landfills.

Compounding the problem, some landfills are situated on former coal mining sites, adding layers of pollution. For instance, the Westmoreland landfill is built atop a shuttered mining operation, contributing to the complex mix of contaminants entering local streams. Despite awareness of these issues, state regulators have made limited changes to waste management practices. A 2020 grand jury investigation concluded that Pennsylvania had failed to protect the public from the environmental and health impacts of the fracking industry, recommending clearer labeling and safer transportation of fracking waste.

The cumulative impact of these pollutants is concerning. Former state environmental official John Quigley warned that mixing various contaminants could have severe consequences for Pennsylvania's waters. Local residents and environmental groups continue to monitor the situation, advocating for accountability and effective solutions to protect the state's vital water resources.